In most cases, your app will send and receive all server data in the same data format. For example, if you interact with the GitHub API, you'll send and receive JSON. Nevertheless, Retrofit is quite flexible in its design and allows support for multiple data formats at the same time, …

In previous tutorials, you've learned how to log requests and responses in Retrofit with an OkHttp interceptor, and to analyze network traffic with facebook's stetho tool. While the OkHttp interceptor is a fast and easy setup, and Stetho offers better analysis, both are limited in their logging capabilities. In this …

One of Retrofit's best features is the support of many data formats. It doesn't matter if the server expects and sends XML, JSON or protocol buffer as data format. Once you've configured an appropriate converter, any data format works flawlessly. However, what do you do if your app needs to …

When we introduced our API error handler we threw all possible non-success responses from the server in one bucket and handled them the same way. But this might not be the best idea. For example, a server response with status code 404 indicates that the resource we're trying to access …

Some APIs return an empty response body to signal the client that there is no object. Retrofit's converters can trip over that, because it can be an invalid representation in their respective data format. For example, an empty object needs to be {} in JSON. In this tutorial you'll learn how …

In most cases, the server response payload to our request is the sole reason why we made the request. However, in some rare cases it doesn't matter to us at all. If you have an endpoint where you completely ignore the response payload (besides the status codes and headers), you …

In our introduction to response caching we've motivated developers to integrate response caching to make their apps faster and reduce the used bandwidth. Integrating response caches has another positive side-effect: you can add a simple offline mode to your app! If your user is in a dark tunnel, you might …

In a previous tutorial you've learned how you can activate Retrofit's response caching. In this tutorial we'll explore how you access the cache files and use them to analyze the app's network and cache behavior. This can be very helpful during the development phase. {{outline}} Access Cache Files Before you …